Compare Peptides
Select any two compounds for a side-by-side comparison of mechanism, uses, risks, and FDA regulatory status.
Popular comparisons
MOTS-c
Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c
A coenzyme found in all living cells that plays a central role in energy metabolism and cellular repair. NAD+ levels decline significantly with age. Injectable NAD+ and its precursors (NMN, NR) have become widely used in longevity and anti-aging protocols.
A mitochondria-derived peptide encoded by the 12S rRNA gene. Naturally produced in the body and declines with age. Emerging research shows remarkable effects on metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and exercise capacity.
Serves as an electron carrier in cellular respiration (ATP production). Activates sirtuins (SIRT1-7), a family of proteins involved in DNA repair, inflammation regulation, and metabolic homeostasis. Also activates PARP enzymes involved in DNA damage repair.
Acts as a metabolic regulator that activates AMPK, promotes glucose uptake, reduces fat accumulation, and enhances mitochondrial function. Translates mitochondrial stress signals into adaptive cellular responses. Shown to extend lifespan in mouse models.
- Anti-aging and longevity protocols
- Energy and cognitive enhancement
- Addiction recovery support
- Athletic performance and recovery
- Metabolic health optimization
- Metabolic health optimization
- Insulin sensitivity improvement
- Obesity treatment (investigational)
- Osteoporosis prevention
- Exercise performance enhancement
- IV infusions can cause flushing, nausea, chest tightness (usually transient)
- Oral precursors (NMN, NR) generally well-tolerated
- Long-term effects of supraphysiological dosing unknown
- Theoretical concern: NAD+ may support cancer cell metabolism
- Quality varies significantly across suppliers
- Very limited human clinical data
- Optimal dosing not established
- Long-term effects unknown
- Injection site reactions
NAD+ itself is not FDA-approved as a drug. Injectable NAD+ is available through compounding pharmacies with a prescription. Oral precursors (NMN, NR) are sold as dietary supplements. Not on any FDA compounding category list — exists in a separate regulatory framework from the peptides affected by the 2026 reclassification.
Removed from FDA 503A Category 2 effective April 22, 2026. Scheduled for PCAC review on July 23, 2026 for obesity and osteoporosis indications. One of the more scientifically novel compounds on the PCAC list, with strong preclinical data but limited human trials. Compounding not yet authorized.
PCAC: July 23, 2026
This comparison is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy.