Compare Peptides

Select any two compounds for a side-by-side comparison of mechanism, uses, risks, and FDA regulatory status.

Popular comparisons

VIP

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Aviptadil

Investigational
Immune & Respiratory

Thymosin Alpha-1

Tα1, Zadaxin

Category 1
Immune Support
Overview

A 28-amino-acid neuropeptide naturally produced throughout the body, with particularly high concentrations in the gut, lungs, and nervous system. VIP has potent anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and immunomodulatory properties. It gained significant attention during COVID-19 as aviptadil (synthetic VIP) was studied for acute respiratory distress. In integrative medicine, it is widely used for chronic inflammatory response syndrome (CIRS) and mold illness protocols.

A thymic peptide that plays a central role in immune system regulation. Approved as a drug in over 35 countries (though not in the US) for hepatitis B and C treatment and as an immune booster.

Mechanism of Action

Binds to VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors, activating cAMP-dependent pathways that suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12) while promoting anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10). Also acts as a potent vasodilator, bronchodilator, and neuroprotective agent. In the lungs, VIP protects alveolar type II cells from inflammatory damage.

Enhances T-cell function, promotes dendritic cell maturation, and modulates cytokine production. Acts as an immune system regulator rather than a simple stimulant, helping to balance immune responses.

Common Uses
  • Chronic inflammatory response syndrome (CIRS)
  • Mold illness treatment (Shoemaker protocol)
  • Pulmonary hypertension
  • Neuroinflammation
  • GI motility disorders
  • Immune system support
  • Chronic infection management
  • Cancer adjunct therapy (in some countries)
  • Post-illness recovery
  • Autoimmune condition management
Known Risks
  • Hypotension (due to vasodilation)
  • Diarrhea at higher doses
  • Nasal irritation with intranasal use
  • Flushing and headache
  • Limited standardized clinical data for CIRS indication
  • Generally well-tolerated in clinical use
  • Injection site reactions
  • Rare allergic reactions
  • May interact with immunosuppressive drugs
Regulatory Status
Investigational

Aviptadil (synthetic VIP) has been studied in clinical trials for ARDS and pulmonary hypertension. Not FDA-approved for any indication. Used off-label by integrative medicine practitioners for CIRS. The Shoemaker CIRS protocol includes intranasal VIP as a final step, though this use is not FDA-sanctioned.

Category 1

Reclassified to Category 1 in February 2026 as part of the HHS announcement restoring compounding access. Not affected by the April 15, 2026 Category 2 removal action. Approved as Zadaxin in 35+ countries but not FDA-approved in the US. Available through licensed 503A compounding pharmacies with a physician prescription.

This comparison is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy.