Compare Peptides
Select any two compounds for a side-by-side comparison of mechanism, uses, risks, and FDA regulatory status.
Popular comparisons
A 21-amino acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome — one of the first mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) discovered. Humanin levels decline with age and are associated with longevity in centenarian offspring. Studied for neuroprotection, metabolic health, and cardiovascular protection.
A synthetic tetrapeptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane, specifically binding to cardiolipin — a phospholipid critical for mitochondrial function. Developed by Stealth BioTherapeutics, SS-31 has been studied for heart failure, kidney disease, and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.
Binds to multiple receptors including gp130, FPRL1, and intracellular IGFBP-3. Activates STAT3 and AMPK signaling pathways. Inhibits neuronal apoptosis, reduces inflammation, improves insulin sensitivity, and protects against ischemic injury. Acts as a stress-response signal from mitochondria to the rest of the cell.
Concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it binds cardiolipin, stabilizing the electron transport chain and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Improves mitochondrial efficiency without affecting membrane potential. Reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury by protecting mitochondrial structure during oxidative stress.
- Neuroprotection and cognitive support
- Metabolic health and insulin sensitivity
- Cardiovascular protection
- Longevity and anti-aging protocols
- Alzheimer's disease research
- Mitochondrial dysfunction support
- Cardiac protection
- Kidney protection (renal ischemia)
- Age-related energy decline
- Exercise performance and recovery
- Very limited human clinical data
- Optimal dosing not established
- Long-term effects unknown
- Injection site reactions
- Interactions with other peptides not well characterized
- Limited human clinical data outside of specific disease trials
- Injection site reactions
- Phase 3 trial for heart failure (PROGRESS-HF) did not meet primary endpoint
- Long-term safety profile not established for general use
Not FDA-approved and not on any compounding list. Available as a research chemical. One of the more scientifically interesting longevity peptides with a growing research base, but human clinical trials are in early stages. Not affected by the 2026 regulatory changes.
Currently in clinical trials for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and other mitochondrial diseases. Phase 3 PROGRESS-HF trial results were mixed. Not FDA-approved. Available as a research chemical. Not affected by the 2026 compounding regulatory changes.
This comparison is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy.