Compare Peptides
Select any two compounds for a side-by-side comparison of mechanism, uses, risks, and FDA regulatory status.
Popular comparisons
MOTS-c
Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c
A mitochondria-derived peptide encoded by the 12S rRNA gene. Naturally produced in the body and declines with age. Emerging research shows remarkable effects on metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and exercise capacity.
A synthetic tetrapeptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane, specifically binding to cardiolipin — a phospholipid critical for mitochondrial function. Developed by Stealth BioTherapeutics, SS-31 has been studied for heart failure, kidney disease, and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.
Acts as a metabolic regulator that activates AMPK, promotes glucose uptake, reduces fat accumulation, and enhances mitochondrial function. Translates mitochondrial stress signals into adaptive cellular responses. Shown to extend lifespan in mouse models.
Concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it binds cardiolipin, stabilizing the electron transport chain and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Improves mitochondrial efficiency without affecting membrane potential. Reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury by protecting mitochondrial structure during oxidative stress.
- Metabolic health optimization
- Insulin sensitivity improvement
- Obesity treatment (investigational)
- Osteoporosis prevention
- Exercise performance enhancement
- Mitochondrial dysfunction support
- Cardiac protection
- Kidney protection (renal ischemia)
- Age-related energy decline
- Exercise performance and recovery
- Very limited human clinical data
- Optimal dosing not established
- Long-term effects unknown
- Injection site reactions
- Limited human clinical data outside of specific disease trials
- Injection site reactions
- Phase 3 trial for heart failure (PROGRESS-HF) did not meet primary endpoint
- Long-term safety profile not established for general use
Removed from FDA 503A Category 2 effective April 22, 2026. Scheduled for PCAC review on July 23, 2026 for obesity and osteoporosis indications. One of the more scientifically novel compounds on the PCAC list, with strong preclinical data but limited human trials. Compounding not yet authorized.
PCAC: July 23, 2026
Currently in clinical trials for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and other mitochondrial diseases. Phase 3 PROGRESS-HF trial results were mixed. Not FDA-approved. Available as a research chemical. Not affected by the 2026 compounding regulatory changes.
This comparison is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy.