Compare Peptides

Select any two compounds for a side-by-side comparison of mechanism, uses, risks, and FDA regulatory status.

Popular comparisons

Noopept

GVS-111, N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester

Unregulated
Nootropic & Neuroprotective

Pinealon

EDR peptide, Glu-Asp-Arg

Unregulated
Nootropic & Neuroprotective
Overview

A synthetic dipeptide-derived nootropic developed in Russia, structurally related to the racetam family but approximately 1000x more potent by weight. Approved as a prescription drug in Russia for cognitive impairment.

A synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) developed by the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology — the same institution behind Epitalon. Pinealon is designed to target the central nervous system and pineal gland, with research focused on neuroprotection, cognitive function, and circadian rhythm regulation.

Mechanism of Action

Modulates AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptors, enhancing long-term potentiation (LTP) — the cellular basis of learning and memory. Increases BDNF and NGF expression in the hippocampus. Also has anxiolytic properties via modulation of inhibitory neurotransmission.

Penetrates the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in neurons. Modulates gene expression related to neuronal survival and function. Reduces oxidative stress in neural tissue. Appears to regulate melatonin synthesis through pineal gland activity, supporting circadian rhythm normalization.

Common Uses
  • Cognitive enhancement
  • Memory improvement
  • Neuroprotection
  • Anxiety reduction
  • Post-concussion recovery
  • Cognitive enhancement and memory
  • Neuroprotection
  • Sleep quality improvement
  • Age-related cognitive decline
  • Stroke recovery support (preliminary research)
Known Risks
  • Headache (most common)
  • Irritability at high doses
  • Insomnia if taken late in day
  • Limited Western clinical data
  • Long-term safety unknown
  • Very limited independent Western research
  • Most studies from Russian institutions
  • Long-term safety unknown
  • Mechanism not fully characterized
  • Injection site reactions
Regulatory Status
Unregulated

No FDA regulatory category. Available as a research chemical in the US. Approved as a prescription drug in Russia. Not a dietary supplement under US law.

Unregulated

Not FDA-approved and not on any compounding list. Available as a research chemical. Research base is almost entirely from Russian institutions — independent replication is limited. Not affected by the 2026 regulatory changes.

This comparison is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy.