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Glutathione

Unregulated

Also known as: GSH, L-Glutathione, Gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycine

Antioxidant & Detox

Last reviewed: April 28, 2026

A tripeptide (glutamate-cysteine-glycine) that is the body's most abundant endogenous antioxidant. Plays a critical role in detoxification, immune function, and cellular protection. Available in oral, IV, and injectable forms.

Mechanism of Action

Neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals. Conjugates toxins for excretion via the liver (Phase II detoxification). Regenerates other antioxidants (vitamins C and E). Supports T-cell function and immune regulation.

Common Uses

  • Antioxidant support
  • Liver detoxification
  • Skin brightening
  • Immune support
  • Heavy metal chelation support
  • Anti-aging

Known Risks

  • Oral bioavailability is poor (liposomal forms better)
  • IV glutathione generally well-tolerated
  • Rare allergic reactions
  • Skin lightening effect is controversial
  • May interfere with chemotherapy drugs

Regulatory Status

Unregulated

Available as a dietary supplement (oral) and through IV clinics. Not FDA-approved for any medical indication. No regulatory restrictions on supplement form.

Common Protocols

Protocol information is for educational reference only. Dosing varies significantly by individual, condition, and physician guidance. Always work with a licensed healthcare provider.

Oral (liposomal)

Typical Dose

500–1000 mg

Frequency

Once daily

Cycle Length

Ongoing

Liposomal form has significantly better bioavailability than standard oral. Take on empty stomach.

IV infusion

Typical Dose

600–2000 mg

Frequency

1–2x per week

Cycle Length

4–8 weeks

IV bypasses absorption issues. Common in functional medicine and anti-aging clinics. Often combined with vitamin C.

Related Compounds

NAD+

Metabolic & Longevity

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SS-31

Mitochondrial & Cardioprotective

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Humanin

Mitochondrial & Longevity

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Research References

Glutathione: Overview of its protective roles, measurement, and biosynthesis

Published 2015 • PubMed

This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy. Data is compiled from published research and regulatory sources and may not reflect the most recent developments.